Day 3

实战演练

In the past ten years, there have been several improvements in mountain-climbing equipment.These improvements have made the sport both safer and more enjoyable for experienced climbers.Despite these improvements, however, the rate of mountainclimbing injuries has doubled in the past ten years.

——GRE OG 2nd Edition, Practice Test 1, Verbal Reasoning, Section 3

Which of the following, if true, best reconciles the apparent discrepancy pre s ented in the passage?

A.Many climbers, lulled intoAfalse sense of security, use the new equipment to attempt climbing feats of which they are not capable.

B.Some mountain-climbing injuries are caused by unforeseeable weather conditions.

C.Mountain climbing, althoughAdangerous sport, does not normally result in i n jury to the experienced climber.

D.In the past ten years there have been improvements in mountain-climbing techniques as well as in mountain-climbing equipment.

E.Although the rate of mountain-climbing injuries has increased, the rate of mountainclimbing deaths has not changed.

答案：A

答案解析

题目中问以下哪个选项最能调和文中提到的明显差异。那文中的差异是什么呢？即“尽管登山设备的改进使登山变得更安全，但因登山的受伤率却大大增加”，那么我们应该选择能够对这种差异进行解释的选项。

选项A“许多登山者麻痹大意，产生了一种虚假的安全感，用这些新设备去尝试他们没有能力做到的攀登壮举”；因为没有能力，即使有新设备，也会使得受伤率增加，所以选项A正确。

选项B“有些登山者受伤是由于不可预知的天气条件造成的”不正确，因为无论设备改不改善，登山者都一样会受到不可预知的天气条件的影响。

选项C“登山虽然是一个危险的运动，通常对有经验的登山者不会造成伤害”不正确，这只能说明有经验的登山者受伤的概率小，还是没有说明为什么攀岩的受伤率翻了一番。

选项D“在过去的十年里，登山技术与设备在同时改进提升”不正确，技术和设备同时改进应该会使得受伤率减小。

选项E“虽然攀岩的受伤率增加了，攀岩导致的死亡人数却没有变化”也不正确，死亡人数没有变化还是没有解释为什么设备改进了，受伤率反而增加了。

英文重现

In the past ten years, there have been several improvements in mountain-climbing equipment.These improvements have made the sport both safer and more enjoyable for experienced climbers.Despite these improvements, however, the rate of mountain-climbing injuries has doubled in the past ten years.

解析

1.“make+宾语+宾语补足语”的复合结构表示“使……成为……”，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带“to”的不定式、形容词、过去分词、名词。此处“made the sport both safer and more enjoyable”即为形容词作“sport”宾语补足语。

2.“despite”是一个介词，表示“尽管”，后直接跟名词或名词性词组（不跟that从句）；词组“in spite of”的意思与“despite”相同，很多同学会混淆二者，写出“despite of sth.”这样的错误用法。

3.“both…and…”作为并列关联连词，通常连接两个相同性质的成分（如此处的“safer”和“more enjoyable”都是形容词性）。另外若连接的两个成分作主语，谓语总要用复数。

4.“double”作形容词时意思是“双重的，两倍的”，但在这里是用作动词，意思是“加倍，翻了一番”，类似的“triple”、“quadruple”等表示倍数的词也可以用作动词，相应地表示增加了（n–1）倍。

参考翻译

在过去的十年间，在攀岩器械方面有了几项改进。这些改进使这项运动对有经验的攀岩者来说更加安全也更加有趣。但是，尽管有这些改善，过去十年间攀岩的受伤率却翻了一番。